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Hearts and arrows
:''This article is about diamonds. For the ideograph of a "heart pierced by an arrow", see Heart symbol.''
Hearts and Arrows diamonds are precision-cut variations of the traditional 57 faceted round brilliant cut. They are cut to ideal proportions with good optical symmetry, polish and a specific faceting pattern. When all these factors are present, the result is a repeatable, near perfect pattern of eight symmetrical arrows in the face-up position of the stone (called 'crown') and eight symmetrical hearts when viewed in the table-down position (called 'pavilion').
==Design factors==
The original Hearts and Arrows were diamonds that surfaced in the mid 1980s in Japan that embodied three important design factors. The first of these factors was that they were cut to what is known in the diamond industry as "ideal proportions," i.e. very close to those summarized by Marcel Tolkowsky in his 1919 book, ''Diamond Design''. Second, they were cut with very good physical and optical symmetry so that they would garner the grade of "Excellent" in the system used by Japanese laboratories. The third important factor was that they were cut to a very specific brilliantine scheme to produce the accepted hearts and arrows pattern. This faceting scheme involves prescribed lengths and ratios as well as smaller table sizes that are imperative in producing a distinctive, repeatable and gradable hearts and arrows pattern.
Less than 1% of the world's diamonds are cut to hearts and arrows optical symmetry precision. This is in large part due to the greater amount of rough diamond that necessitates additional polishing to create diamonds with this precise optical symmetry. Diamond polishers take up to three times longer to cut diamonds of this quality and nearly 15% greater waste of the original diamond rough material is lost.〔http://www.onlinediamondbuyingadvice.com/diamond-education/hearts-and-arrows/〕 Using 100X magnification and analysis through all stages of production, the artisanal cutters create perfection at 10X global standards for grading and evaluation. Diamonds cut in this way are more expensive than average cut diamonds.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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